‘Close-up’ is a pretty woolly term which is common taken to mean any picture taken at an unusually close distance or one which focusses in on small objects. This is often called ‘macro’ photography too, but technically there is a difference. True ‘macro’ photography is where the subject is reproduced at the same size on the sensor as its real-life dimensions.
The photo above, for example is certainly a close-up. In fact it was achieved with a 500mm equivalent zoom on a digital SLR, a lens with an unusually close minimum focussing distance. However, if this was a true ‘macro’ shot, the butterfly would completely fill the frame.
Many lenses let you take great close-ups like this one, if you want to shoot true macro shots you will have to invest in a macro lens.
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